How does diabetes affect vision?
Diabetes is one of the most common causes of vision problems, especially in the western world. High blood sugar levels can cause damage to the blood vessels in the eye, resulting in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy can cause significant impairment or loss of vision if left undiagnosed and untreated.
Symptoms
People with diabetic retinopathy don’t typically have noticeable symptoms until the moderate to advanced stages. A comprehensive eye exam can detect diabetic retinopathy in its early stages, before you notice any visual symptoms. It’s important for people with diabetes to have regular eye exams as early detection and treatment can help prevent, delay, or reduce vision loss associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Common causes
The likelihood of a diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy increases with the duration of having diabetes and when blood sugar levels are not under control.
Treatment
Lifestyle factors like taking your prescribed medication, exercising regularly, keeping your blood pressure under control, and following a proper diet as advised by your practitioner(s), will help to prevent or slow down the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Depending on the extent of the condition, your optometrist may refer you to an ophthalmologist for treatment or surgical procedures in the more advanced cases.
Next steps
We want to help you see clearly and keep your eyes healthy for as long as possible. If your optometrist detects any signs of an eye condition during your comprehensive eye exam, they will determine an appropriate management plan that suits your needs.
Book an eye examGet answers to your questions
Diabetic retinopathy doesn’t cause any pain, but it can significantly impact vision if it’s left undetected and untreated. That’s why it’s important that people diagnosed with diabetes have an eye exam at least once a year or whenever their optometrist recommends it.
A diabetic patient can reduce the risk of the condition affecting their eyes by following a diet and treatment program recommended by their physician. You should talk to your physician before you make any changes to your diet or supplement intake.
Evidence suggests that there are a number of risk factors that increase the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. These include the duration of the condition, race, family history, and medical conditions (such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol)1.
A diagnosis of diabetes doesn’t necessarily mean that you’ll be affected with eye health or vision complications immediately. However, the longer a patient has diabetes, the more likely they are to develop diabetic retinopathy, especially if the diabetes is poorly controlled, so it’s important to have a regular eye exam with an optometrist.
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