Ocular hypertension

What is ocular hypertension?

The pressure inside the eye, called the intraocular pressure, is a result of the fluid that fills the eye, which helps to maintain the eye’s shape and function. With ocular hypertension, the pressure inside the eye is above normal levels. It’s important to note that ocular hypertension is not related to raised blood pressure or hypertension and it doesn’t have anything to do with the pressure of the vessels that supply blood to the eye.

Ocular hypertension might not have any effect on your eyes or vision, but it should be closely monitored because it can indicate the development of glaucoma, a condition of the optic nerve that can lead to vision loss. 

Common causes

The eye produces a fluid called the aqueous humor, which nourishes and helps maintain the shape of the eye. When there is no proper drainage of this fluid, there is an imbalance between the fluid produced and drained out of the eye, resulting in increased intraocular pressures.  

Most cases of ocular hypertension are caused by a restriction or blockage in the drainage channels. The fluid continues to replenish but is unable to properly drain away, causing the pressure to build up within the eye.

Anyone can develop ocular hypertension, but there are several factors that may increase the risk of developing this condition, including:   

• A family history of ocular hypertension or glaucoma

• Increasing age 

• Ethnicity – those of African descent are at an increased risk 

• High myopia (short‑sightedness) 

• Certain medications 

• Eye injuries, even years after they happen, can affect your intraocular pressure

Next steps

We want to help you see clearly and keep your eyes healthy for as long as possible. If your optometrist detects any signs of an eye condition during your comprehensive eye exam, they will determine an appropriate management plan that suits your needs.